Kidney transplantation and cystine-depleting therapy with oral and topical cysteamine have transformed cystinosis from a universally fatal childhood disorder into a treatable chronic disease, with many adults achieving normal lives
More serious side effects can also include chest pain, bleeding gums, eye pain, irregular heartbeat, swelling around the face and extremities, and hives
In that study, younger onset of bipolar depression (average 15.31 years of age) compared to mania (average 19.11 years of age) in BD patients was reported, suggesting that the findings likely relate to bipolar depression rather than mania
J Chronic Dis
A 2025 clinical trial concluded that 2 billion CFU/day of DC99 significantly improved constipation symptoms, enhanced the quality of life, increased the levels of neurotransmitters
Synthetic retinoid derivatives include newer retinoids like tazarotene or adapalene